05/31/19
Featured
- Weight Loss, Diet Composition and Breast Cancer Incidence and Outcome in Postmenopausal Women.
- Three-dimensional Label-free Imaging Throughout Adipocyte Differentiation By Stimulated Raman Microscopy.
- BMI and Social Interactions From Adolescence to Adulthood.
Headline vs Study
- Headline: Study Shows How Diet Can Prevent a Mid-life Microbiome Crisis and Improve Brain Health.
- Study: "These data highlight a potential pathway by which targeting the gut microbiome with prebiotics can modulate the peripheral immune response and alter neuroinflammation..." in middle aged mice.
Contrary or Null Findings
- RCT: No Statistically Significant Effect on Weight of a Computerised Decision-Support Tool for Health Professionals for the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Obesity.
- RCT: No Significant Effect of a Weight Management Intervention for Maternal Obesity, on Maternal and Child Outcomes at 24 Months Following Birth.
- "Neither egg nor cholesterol intakes were associated with stroke risk in this cohort, regardless of apoE phenotype."
- RCT: Three Consecutive Weeks of Nutritional Ketosis Has No Effect on Cognitive Function, Sleep, and Mood, Compared with a High-carbohydrate, Low-fat Diet in Healthy Individuals.
- RCT: "Intervention with fish oil and/or probiotics during pregnancy ...conferred no benefits in lowering the risk of GDM or improving glucose metabolism in overweight and obese women."
- "Results suggest that treatment intensification is often delayed despite consistently poor glycaemic control for more than 12 months, contrary to treatment guideline recommendations."
- "Contrary to general belief, the return of large carnivores does not always translate into higher compensation costs."
- RCT: "Contrary to previous acute exercise studies, 50 min of walking before dinner in the E-PAraDiGM protocol did not affect 24-h glucose profiles."
- Meta-analysis: "Based on our findings, modulation of gut microbiota composition through pro-/ synbiotic supplements did not have favorable effects to manage overweight or obese children and adolescents."
- "In this low-income, adolescent population, neither of the family-based interventions improved BMI or health-related secondary outcomes."
Basic
- A Brain-Melanocortin-Vagus Axis Mediates Adipose Tissue Expansion Independently of Energy Intake.
- Adipose Sirtuin 6 Drives Macrophage Polarization Toward M2 Through IL-4 Production and Maintains Systemic Insulin Sensitivity in Mice and Humans.
- Pancreatic Adipocytes Mediate Hypersecretion of Insulin in Diabetes-Susceptible Mice.
- Ginger Prevents Obesity Through Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Activation of Browning in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice.
- Obesity Impacts the Regulation of MiR-10b and Its Targets in Primary Breast Tumors.
Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue
- The Implementation of Randomization Requires Corrected Analyses. Comment on ”Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial, Nutrients 2018, 10, 369”.
- Reply to “Comment On: Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial, Nutrients 2018, 10, 369”.
- University of Sydney Pulls Claims Elderberries Can Fight Flu.
- A New Science Integrity Blog.
- Commentary: CrossFit Demands Retraction of Paper Claiming Their Participants are More Likely to Be Injured.
Clinical
- Reversing Type 2 Diabetes with Bariatric Surgery, Very Low Calorie Diets, and Carbohydrate Restriction: A Review of the Evidence.
- Altered Thyroid Function and Structure in Children and Adolescents Who are Overweight and Obese: Reversal After Weight Loss.
- RCT: Daily Self‐Weighing to Prevent Holiday‐Associated Weight Gain in Adults.
- Obesity, Weight Loss and Its Influence on Telomere Length: New Insights for Personalized Nutrition.
- RCT: Circulating Gut Microbiota Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) and Changes in Bone Density in Response to Weight Loss Diets.
- Clinical Insights Into the Genetic Overlap Between Obesity Susceptibility and Food Choices.
Children and Adolescents
- Meta-analysis: Treatment of Obesity, with a Dietary Component, and Eating Disorder Risk in Children and Adolescents.
- Effects of School Neighborhood Food Environments on Childhood Obesity at Multiple Scales.
- Factors Affecting the Dose of Intervention Received and the Participant Satisfaction in a School-based Obesity Prevention Intervention.
- Trends in Levels of Lipids and Apolipoprotein B in US Youths Aged 6 to 19 Years, 1999-2016.
- The FTO Gene and Measured Food Intake in 5‐ to 10‐Year‐Old Children Without Obesity.
- Predictors and Patterns of Eating Behaviors Across Childhood: Results From the Generation R Study.
Surgery
- The Amount of Weight Loss Six Months After Bariatric Surgery: It Makes a Difference.
- Meta-analysis: ffect of Bariatric Surgery on Serum Inflammatory Factors of Obese Patients.
- Five-Year Outcomes of Gastric Bypass in Adolescents as Compared with Adults.
Drugs
- Trypsin Inhibitors: Promising Candidate Satietogenic Proteins as Complementary Treatment for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders?
- First-in-Human Study of Dual Inhibitor Licogliflozin Showed Significant Weight Loss in Obese Patients.
- The Effects of Licogliflozin, a Dual SGLT1/2 Inhibitor, on Body Weight in Obese Patients with or Without Diabetes.
Food & Diet
- Efficacy of Balanced Nutrition Meal Replacement Diet with Altered Macromolecule Composition Along with a Caloric Restriction on Body Weight Control.
- Salt Intake and Prevalence of Overweight/obesity in Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
- RCT: Using the Avocado to Test the Satiety Effects of a Fat-Fiber Combination in Place of Carbohydrate Energy in a Breakfast Meal in Overweight and Obese Men and Women.
- Late‐life Time‐restricted Feeding and Exercise Differentially Alter Healthspan in Obesity [in Mice].
- Feasibility and Acceptability of a Takeaway Masterclass Aimed at Encouraging Healthier Cooking Practices and Menu Options in Takeaway Food Outlets.
- Changes in Intake of Plant-based Diets and Weight Change: Results From 3 Prospective Cohort Studies.
Caloric Restriction
- Dawn-to-sunset Fasting Suggests Potential New Treatment for Obesity-related Conditions.
- Dietary Restriction Enhances Circadian Amplitude and Delays Visual Decline By a Clock-driven Increase in Phototransduction.
- Fasting Modulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Dentate Gyrus of Male Rats.
Exercise & Physical Activity
- For Fat Burning, Interval Training Beats Continuous Exercise.
- Rates of Injury From Sports, Recreation, and Leisure Activities Among Children and Adolescents Aged 1–17 Years, By Age Group — National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2015–2017.
- Prevalence of Low Back Pain, Seeking Medical Care, and Lost Time Due to Low Back Pain Among Manual Material Handling Workers in the United States.
- Exercise Prevents the Adverse Effects of Maternal Obesity on Placental Vascularization and Fetal Growth.
- Interindividual Variability and Individual Responses to Exercise Training in Adolescents with Obesity.
Economics & Sociology
- Does Employment-Based Insurance Make the US Medical Care System Unfair and Inefficient?
- Using Economic Evidence to Support Policy Decisions to Fund Interventions for Non-communicable Diseases.
- For Fashion Industry, China's Child Obesity Problem Could Be Big Business.
- The Economics of Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: A Review of the Effects on Prices, Sales, Cross-Border Shopping, and Consumption.
Epidemiology
- Association of Sugary Beverage Consumption with Mortality Risk in US Adults.
- Decline of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Italy From 2008 to 2016.
- Measures of General and Abdominal Obesity and Disability Severity in a Large Population of People with Multiple Sclerosis.
- Changing Impact of Obesity on Active Life Expectancy of Older Americans.
- Abdominal Obesity is More Strongly Correlated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea than General Obesity in China: Results From Two Separated Observational and Longitudinal Studies.
- Relationship Between DXA Measured Metrics of Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis; An Analysis of the NHANES Data.
Psychology & Neuroscience
- Systematic Review: Increasing Healthy Food Choices Through Nudges.
- Editorial: Preventing Weight Gain More Important than Weight Loss and More Realistic to Study in Cohorts than in RCTs.
- Obesity, Subliminal Perception and Inhibition: Neuromodulation of the Prefrontal Cortex.
- Impact of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Neural Food Cue Reactivity: Action for Health in Diabetes Brain Ancillary Study.
Equity and Disparities
- We Need a New Approach to Prevent Obesity in Low-Income Minority Populations.
- Pronounced Social Inequality in Health-related Factors and Quality of Life in Women and Men From Austria Who are Overweight or Obese.
- Regional Variation in Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From 137 820 Adults on the Role of Neighbourhood BMI.
Stigma
- Does Dissatisfaction With, or Accurate Perception of Overweight Status Help People Reduce Weight? Longitudinal Study of Australian Adults.
- NP Student Encounters with Obesity Bias in Clinical Practice.
- Health Concerns and Moral Distaste - ‘Concern Trolling’ as a Moralizing Rhetoric.
- Male Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms, Body Composition, and Attentional Bias to Body Stimuli Evaluated Using Visual Search.
Policy Related
- Study Protocol: Exploring Network Structure and the Role of Key Stakeholders to Understand the Obesity Prevention System in an Australian Metropolitan Health Service.
- Improving the Health of Alaska Native People Through Use of a Policy Change Model and Capacity Building.
- Adherence to WHO’s Nutrition Recommendations in the UK: Dietary Patterns and Policy Implications From a National Survey.
- Policy Statement: Recommendations for the Establishment of Stroke Systems of Care: A 2019 Update: A Policy Statement From the American Stroke Association.
- Can We Stop the Obesity Epidemic?
- Assessing the Early Impact of Menu-Labeling on Calories in Chain Restaurants in Ontario, Canada.
Intergenerational Effects
- Maternal BMI Affects Embryo Morphokinetics: A Time-lapse Study.
- Children Exposed to Maternal Obesity or Gestational Diabetes During Early Fetal Development Have Hypothalamic Alterations that Predict Future Weight Gain.
Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics
- Temporal Trends in Florida Panther Food Habits.
- Giant Tiger Sharks Eat Backyard Birds, Surprising Study Reveals.
- Section-specific H+ Fluxes in Renal Tubules of Fasted and Fed Goldfish.
- Developmental Plasticity in Metabolism but Not in Energy Reserve Accumulation in a Seasonally Polyphenic Butterfly.
Methods
- New Methods for Analysis and Interpretation of Obesity Experiments.
- Racial and Educational Disparities in Cognitive Life Expectancies: A Multivariate, Incidence-based Life Table Approach.
- Predicting Nationwide Obesity From Food Sales Using Machine Learning.
Mathematical and Quantitative
- A Study on the Modeling of Obesity.
- Comparison of Parametric and Nonparametric Estimators for the Association Between Incident Prepregnancy Obesity and Stillbirth in a Population-Based Cohort Study.
Commentary
- Time for a Holiday – Step on the Scales Please.
- Ultraprocessed Food Makes Us Fat: Forewarned, but Not Forearmed.
- A Non-BMI-Centric Approach to Diagnosing and Managing Obesity.
- Can We Walk and Chew Gum and Lose Weight All at Once?
- Sydney Playwright Presents the Human Side of Nutrition Science.
- Appetite as a Vital Sign.
- An Objective Line Between Processed and Ultra-Processed.
- Making the Healthy Choice the Easy Choice.
- Apples and Oranges, Tobacco and Sugar.
General
- A Solution to Psychology’s Reproducibility Problem Just Failed Its First Test.
- RCT: To Tweet or Not to Tweet, that is the Question: A Trial of Twitter Effects on Article Engagement in Medical Education.
- The Varying Effects of Neighborhood Disadvantage on College Graduation: Moderating and Mediating Mechanisms.
- Charcoal Toothpaste May do Harm and Not Much Good.
- Report Puts Scientific Replicability and Reproducibility Under the Microscope.
- Improving Environmental Risk Assessments of Chemicals: Steps Towards Evidence-based Ecotoxicology.
- Association Between Life Purpose and Mortality Among US Adults Older than 50 Years.
- Trends in Proportion of Women as Authors of Medical Journal Articles, 2008-2018.
Announcements
- Webinar: Using Law and Policy to Promote Health Equity and Achieve Healthy People Goals (June 13).
- Comment Request-Generic Clearance for the Development of Nutrition Education Messages and Products for the General Public: Due 06/04/2019.
- Menu Labeling Social Media Toolkit for Consumer Outreach.
- Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
- Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
- Short Course: Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research, Indiana University Bloomington (July 29-August 2, 2019).
- Short Course: Mathematical Science in Obesity Research, Baltimore, MD (June 3-7, 2019).
- Webinar: The Potential Role of Nutrition in the First 2 Years of Life in the Prevention of Child Overweight and Obesity.