Featured

• Weight Loss, Diet Composition and Breast Cancer Incidence and Outcome in Postmenopausal Women.
• Three-dimensional Label-free Imaging Throughout Adipocyte Differentiation By Stimulated Raman Microscopy.
• BMI and Social Interactions From Adolescence to Adulthood.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Study Shows How Diet Can Prevent a Mid-life Microbiome Crisis and Improve Brain Health.
• Study: "These data highlight a potential pathway by which targeting the gut microbiome with prebiotics can modulate the peripheral immune response and alter neuroinflammation..." in middle aged mice.

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: No Statistically Significant Effect on Weight of a Computerised Decision-Support Tool for Health Professionals for the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Obesity.
• RCT: No Significant Effect of a Weight Management Intervention for Maternal Obesity, on Maternal and Child Outcomes at 24 Months Following Birth.
• "Neither egg nor cholesterol intakes were associated with stroke risk in this cohort, regardless of apoE phenotype."
• RCT: Three Consecutive Weeks of Nutritional Ketosis Has No Effect on Cognitive Function, Sleep, and Mood, Compared with a High-carbohydrate, Low-fat Diet in Healthy Individuals.
• RCT: "Intervention with fish oil and/or probiotics during pregnancy ...conferred no benefits in lowering the risk of GDM or improving glucose metabolism in overweight and obese women."
• "Results suggest that treatment intensification is often delayed despite consistently poor glycaemic control for more than 12 months, contrary to treatment guideline recommendations."
• "Contrary to general belief, the return of large carnivores does not always translate into higher compensation costs."
• RCT: "Contrary to previous acute exercise studies, 50 min of walking before dinner in the E-PAraDiGM protocol did not affect 24-h glucose profiles."
• Meta-analysis: "Based on our findings, modulation of gut microbiota composition through pro-/ synbiotic supplements did not have favorable effects to manage overweight or obese children and adolescents."
• "In this low-income, adolescent population, neither of the family-based interventions improved BMI or health-related secondary outcomes."

Basic

• A Brain-Melanocortin-Vagus Axis Mediates Adipose Tissue Expansion Independently of Energy Intake.
• Adipose Sirtuin 6 Drives Macrophage Polarization Toward M2 Through IL-4 Production and Maintains Systemic Insulin Sensitivity in Mice and Humans.
• Pancreatic Adipocytes Mediate Hypersecretion of Insulin in Diabetes-Susceptible Mice.
• Ginger Prevents Obesity Through Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Activation of Browning in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice.
• Obesity Impacts the Regulation of MiR-10b and Its Targets in Primary Breast Tumors.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• The Implementation of Randomization Requires Corrected Analyses. Comment on ”Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial, Nutrients 2018, 10, 369”.
• Reply to “Comment On: Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial, Nutrients 2018, 10, 369”.
• University of Sydney Pulls Claims Elderberries Can Fight Flu.
• A New Science Integrity Blog.
• Commentary: CrossFit Demands Retraction of Paper Claiming Their Participants are More Likely to Be Injured.

Clinical

• Reversing Type 2 Diabetes with Bariatric Surgery, Very Low Calorie Diets, and Carbohydrate Restriction: A Review of the Evidence.
• Altered Thyroid Function and Structure in Children and Adolescents Who are Overweight and Obese: Reversal After Weight Loss.
• RCT: Daily Self‐Weighing to Prevent Holiday‐Associated Weight Gain in Adults.
• Obesity, Weight Loss and Its Influence on Telomere Length: New Insights for Personalized Nutrition.
• RCT: Circulating Gut Microbiota Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) and Changes in Bone Density in Response to Weight Loss Diets.
• Clinical Insights Into the Genetic Overlap Between Obesity Susceptibility and Food Choices.

Children and Adolescents

• Meta-analysis: Treatment of Obesity, with a Dietary Component, and Eating Disorder Risk in Children and Adolescents.
• Effects of School Neighborhood Food Environments on Childhood Obesity at Multiple Scales.
• Factors Affecting the Dose of Intervention Received and the Participant Satisfaction in a School-based Obesity Prevention Intervention.
• Trends in Levels of Lipids and Apolipoprotein B in US Youths Aged 6 to 19 Years, 1999-2016.
• The FTO Gene and Measured Food Intake in 5‐ to 10‐Year‐Old Children Without Obesity.
• Predictors and Patterns of Eating Behaviors Across Childhood: Results From the Generation R Study.

Surgery

• The Amount of Weight Loss Six Months After Bariatric Surgery: It Makes a Difference.
• Meta-analysis: ffect of Bariatric Surgery on Serum Inflammatory Factors of Obese Patients.
• Five-Year Outcomes of Gastric Bypass in Adolescents as Compared with Adults.

Drugs

• Trypsin Inhibitors: Promising Candidate Satietogenic Proteins as Complementary Treatment for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders?
• First-in-Human Study of Dual Inhibitor Licogliflozin Showed Significant Weight Loss in Obese Patients.
• The Effects of Licogliflozin, a Dual SGLT1/2 Inhibitor, on Body Weight in Obese Patients with or Without Diabetes.

Food & Diet

• Efficacy of Balanced Nutrition Meal Replacement Diet with Altered Macromolecule Composition Along with a Caloric Restriction on Body Weight Control.
• Salt Intake and Prevalence of Overweight/obesity in Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
• RCT: Using the Avocado to Test the Satiety Effects of a Fat-Fiber Combination in Place of Carbohydrate Energy in a Breakfast Meal in Overweight and Obese Men and Women.
• Late‐life Time‐restricted Feeding and Exercise Differentially Alter Healthspan in Obesity [in Mice].
• Feasibility and Acceptability of a Takeaway Masterclass Aimed at Encouraging Healthier Cooking Practices and Menu Options in Takeaway Food Outlets.
• Changes in Intake of Plant-based Diets and Weight Change: Results From 3 Prospective Cohort Studies.

Caloric Restriction

• Dawn-to-sunset Fasting Suggests Potential New Treatment for Obesity-related Conditions.
• Dietary Restriction Enhances Circadian Amplitude and Delays Visual Decline By a Clock-driven Increase in Phototransduction.
• Fasting Modulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Dentate Gyrus of Male Rats.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• For Fat Burning, Interval Training Beats Continuous Exercise.
• Rates of Injury From Sports, Recreation, and Leisure Activities Among Children and Adolescents Aged 1–17 Years, By Age Group — National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2015–2017.
• Prevalence of Low Back Pain, Seeking Medical Care, and Lost Time Due to Low Back Pain Among Manual Material Handling Workers in the United States.
• Exercise Prevents the Adverse Effects of Maternal Obesity on Placental Vascularization and Fetal Growth.
• Interindividual Variability and Individual Responses to Exercise Training in Adolescents with Obesity.

Economics & Sociology

• Does Employment-Based Insurance Make the US Medical Care System Unfair and Inefficient?
• Using Economic Evidence to Support Policy Decisions to Fund Interventions for Non-communicable Diseases.
• For Fashion Industry, China's Child Obesity Problem Could Be Big Business.
• The Economics of Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: A Review of the Effects on Prices, Sales, Cross-Border Shopping, and Consumption.

Epidemiology

• Association of Sugary Beverage Consumption with Mortality Risk in US Adults.
• Decline of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Italy From 2008 to 2016.
• Measures of General and Abdominal Obesity and Disability Severity in a Large Population of People with Multiple Sclerosis.
• Changing Impact of Obesity on Active Life Expectancy of Older Americans.
• Abdominal Obesity is More Strongly Correlated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea than General Obesity in China: Results From Two Separated Observational and Longitudinal Studies.
• Relationship Between DXA Measured Metrics of Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis; An Analysis of the NHANES Data.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Systematic Review: Increasing Healthy Food Choices Through Nudges.
• Editorial: Preventing Weight Gain More Important than Weight Loss and More Realistic to Study in Cohorts than in RCTs.
• Obesity, Subliminal Perception and Inhibition: Neuromodulation of the Prefrontal Cortex.
• Impact of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Neural Food Cue Reactivity: Action for Health in Diabetes Brain Ancillary Study.

Equity and Disparities

• We Need a New Approach to Prevent Obesity in Low-Income Minority Populations.
• Pronounced Social Inequality in Health-related Factors and Quality of Life in Women and Men From Austria Who are Overweight or Obese.
• Regional Variation in Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From 137 820 Adults on the Role of Neighbourhood BMI.

Stigma

• Does Dissatisfaction With, or Accurate Perception of Overweight Status Help People Reduce Weight? Longitudinal Study of Australian Adults.
• NP Student Encounters with Obesity Bias in Clinical Practice.
• Health Concerns and Moral Distaste - ‘Concern Trolling’ as a Moralizing Rhetoric.
• Male Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms, Body Composition, and Attentional Bias to Body Stimuli Evaluated Using Visual Search.

Policy Related

• Study Protocol: Exploring Network Structure and the Role of Key Stakeholders to Understand the Obesity Prevention System in an Australian Metropolitan Health Service.
• Improving the Health of Alaska Native People Through Use of a Policy Change Model and Capacity Building.
• Adherence to WHO’s Nutrition Recommendations in the UK: Dietary Patterns and Policy Implications From a National Survey.
• Policy Statement: Recommendations for the Establishment of Stroke Systems of Care: A 2019 Update: A Policy Statement From the American Stroke Association.
• Can We Stop the Obesity Epidemic?
• Assessing the Early Impact of Menu-Labeling on Calories in Chain Restaurants in Ontario, Canada.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal BMI Affects Embryo Morphokinetics: A Time-lapse Study.
• Children Exposed to Maternal Obesity or Gestational Diabetes During Early Fetal Development Have Hypothalamic Alterations that Predict Future Weight Gain.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Temporal Trends in Florida Panther Food Habits.
• Giant Tiger Sharks Eat Backyard Birds, Surprising Study Reveals.
• Section-specific H+ Fluxes in Renal Tubules of Fasted and Fed Goldfish.
• Developmental Plasticity in Metabolism but Not in Energy Reserve Accumulation in a Seasonally Polyphenic Butterfly.

Methods

• New Methods for Analysis and Interpretation of Obesity Experiments.
• Racial and Educational Disparities in Cognitive Life Expectancies: A Multivariate, Incidence-based Life Table Approach.
• Predicting Nationwide Obesity From Food Sales Using Machine Learning.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• A Study on the Modeling of Obesity.
• Comparison of Parametric and Nonparametric Estimators for the Association Between Incident Prepregnancy Obesity and Stillbirth in a Population-Based Cohort Study.

Commentary

• Time for a Holiday – Step on the Scales Please.
• Ultraprocessed Food Makes Us Fat: Forewarned, but Not Forearmed.
• A Non-BMI-Centric Approach to Diagnosing and Managing Obesity.
• Can We Walk and Chew Gum and Lose Weight All at Once?
• Sydney Playwright Presents the Human Side of Nutrition Science.
• Appetite as a Vital Sign.
• An Objective Line Between Processed and Ultra-Processed.
• Making the Healthy Choice the Easy Choice.
• Apples and Oranges, Tobacco and Sugar.

General

• A Solution to Psychology’s Reproducibility Problem Just Failed Its First Test.
• RCT: To Tweet or Not to Tweet, that is the Question: A Trial of Twitter Effects on Article Engagement in Medical Education.
• The Varying Effects of Neighborhood Disadvantage on College Graduation: Moderating and Mediating Mechanisms.
• Charcoal Toothpaste May do Harm and Not Much Good.
• Report Puts Scientific Replicability and Reproducibility Under the Microscope.
• Improving Environmental Risk Assessments of Chemicals: Steps Towards Evidence-based Ecotoxicology.
• Association Between Life Purpose and Mortality Among US Adults Older than 50 Years.
• Trends in Proportion of Women as Authors of Medical Journal Articles, 2008-2018.

Announcements

• Webinar: Using Law and Policy to Promote Health Equity and Achieve Healthy People Goals (June 13).
• Comment Request-Generic Clearance for the Development of Nutrition Education Messages and Products for the General Public: Due 06/04/2019.
• Menu Labeling Social Media Toolkit for Consumer Outreach.
• Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
• Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
• Short Course: Causal Inference in Behavioral Obesity Research, Indiana University Bloomington (July 29-August 2, 2019).
• Short Course: Mathematical Science in Obesity Research, Baltimore, MD (June 3-7, 2019).
• Webinar: The Potential Role of Nutrition in the First 2 Years of Life in the Prevention of Child Overweight and Obesity.