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08/23/19

Featured

  • Childhood Obesity Intervention Studies: A Narrative Review and Guide for Investigators, Authors, Editors, Reviewers, Journalists, and Readers to Guard against Exaggerated Effectiveness Claims.
  • Developmental Exposure to a Human Relevant Mixture of Endocrine Disruptors Alters Metabolism and Adipogenesis in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio).
  • Fat Mass Compared to Four Body Condition Scoring Systems in the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) in Zoo Biology.
  • Associations Between Parity, Breastfeeding, and Risk of Maternal Type 2 Diabetes Among Postmenopausal Women.

Headline vs Study

  • Headline: New Discovery Explains How Fatty Food Disrupts Appetite Control, Causing Obesity.
  • Study: Gut-derived GIP Activates Central Rap1 to Impair Neural Leptin Sensitivity... In Mice Fed a Lard-based High Fat Diet.

Contrary or Null Findings

  • RCT: "Against our hypothesis, BMI increased more in the intervention group than in the control group (Δ=0.3kg/m2; p=0.05) with a greater decrease in %body fat among boys (Δ=-0.6%; p=0.03) in the control group" in a school-home intervention for adolescent obesity prevention.
  • RCT: "in obese adolescents, vitamin E supplementation of 400 IU/day for 2 months does not significantly affect lipid profiles and adiponectin levels." (pdf)
  • RCT: "A simple, individualised, Mediterranean-style diet in pregnancy did not reduce the overall risk of adverse maternal and offspring complications but has the potential to ...."
  • Temporal Discounting Does Not Influence BMI.
  • RCT: No Significant Effect of Home-Based Exercise and Weight Loss Programs on Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema Outcomes Among Overweight Breast Cancer Survivors.
  • Meta-analysis: "Zinc supplementation did not significantly improve leptin concentrations."
  • Meta-analysis: "No effects of testosterone were reported for body composition..." in women.
  • "The present study does not provide evidence to support that dietary supplementation with the NAD+ precursor NR serves to impact glucose tolerance, β-cell secretory capacity, α-cell function, and incretin hormone secretion in obese, non-diabetic males."
  • Dietary Macronutrients do Not Differentially Affect in Healthy Overweight and Slightly Obese Men Vascular Endothelial Function During the Postprandial Phase.
  • RCT: Hedonic Properties and Palatability do Not Affect Gut Hormones, Mainly Ghrelin and GLP‐1.

Ergonomics

  • Mimicking Obesity and Pregnancy By Adding Load Mass Elicits Minor Postural Oscillations Compared to Backpack Weight Carrying.
  • Sedentariness, Productivity, Perception and Long Term Health Effects of Sit-stand Workstation at Work: A Literature Review.

Basic

  • Mitochondrial DNA Alterations in Aged Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor-knockout Mice.
  • Models Integrating Genetic and Lifestyle Interactions on Two Adiposity Phenotypes for Personalized Prescription of Energy-Restricted Diets with Different Macronutrient Distribution.
  • Gut-associated IgA+ Immune Cells Regulate Obesity-related Insulin Resistance.
  • Sex-Specific Differences in Fat Storage, Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Brain Structure in Juvenile HFD-Induced Obese Ldlr-/-.Leiden Mice.
  • Fatty Acid and Lipopolysaccharide Effect on Beta Cells Proteostasis and Its Impact on Insulin Secretion.
  • Obesity and Muscle‐macrophage Crosstalk in Humans and Mice: A Systematic Review.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

  • Dietary Meat Categories and Descriptions in Chronic Disease Research are Substantively Different Within and Between Experimental and Observational Studies: A Systematic Review and Landscape Analysis.
  • Article: Does Obesity Protect Against Death in Sepsis? A Retrospective Cohort Study of 55,038 Adult Patients*.
  • Comment on: “Does Obesity Protect Against Death in Sepsis? A Retrospective Cohort Study of 55,038 Adult Patients”.
  • Commentary: Rethinking Behavioral Approaches to Compliment Biological Advances to Understand the Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Childhood Obesity.
  • Commentary: Public Health Procedures, Alone, Will Not Prevent Child Obesity.
  • Ten Tools for Exaggeration in Pediatric Obesity Studies.

Clinical

  • This Analysis Suggests that Expanding Coverage of Anti-obesity Interventions to Eligible Individuals Could Generate $20 to $23 Billion Budgetary Savings to Medicare Over 10 Years.
  • Adapting Family‐based Treatment for Paediatric Obesity.
  • Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects From an Intensive Lifestyle Weight Loss Intervention on Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Look AHEAD Trial.
  • Liraglutide Improves Insulin Sensitivity in High Fat Diet Induced Diabetic Mice Through Multiple Pathways.
  • Case of Resected Multiple Hepatocellular Adenomas in a Young Man with Severe Obesity.
  • Obesity and Pancreatic Cancer: An Update of Epidemiological Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms.
  • Choosing an Adequate Test to Determine Fitness for Air Travel in Obese Individuals. (pdf)
  • Meta-analysis: Acupuncture and Weight Loss in Asians.
  • RCT: Intermittent Energy Restriction is Comparable to Continuous Energy Restriction for Cardiometabolic Health in Adults with Central Obesity.

Children and Adolescents

  • The Home and Child-care: Are Preschool-aged Children Getting Mixed Food-related Messages?
  • Physical Activity Interventions Improve Quality of Life of Children with Obesity: Should We Expect Them to Also Decrease BMI?
  • Understanding Rapid Infant Weight Gain Prevention.

Surgery

  • Use of Phentermine-topiramate Extended Release in Combination with Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with BMI 50 Kg/m2 or More.
  • Gut-Associated IgA+ Immune Cells Regulate Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance.

Drugs

  • New Hormone Injection Aids Weight Loss in Obese Patients.
  • Anti-Obesity Drugs Market Projected to Witness Vigorous Expansion By 2024.
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Insulin Tregopil in Relation to Premeal Dosing Time, Between Meal Interval, and Meal Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
  • Effects of Combined Glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid Receptor Modulation (CORT118335) on Energy Balance, Adiposity, and Lipid Metabolism in Male Rats.

Food & Diet

  • Changes in Plant-Based Diet Quality and Total and Cause-Specific Mortality.
  • RCT: “consumption of approximately three servings of fat-free milk and 1200 mg of dietary Ca/d enhanced weight loss, improved body composition and promoted glycaemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes and low habitual Ca consumption.”

Caloric Restriction

  • Dietary Restriction During the Treatment of Cancer: Results of a Systematic Scoping Review.
  • Early Time‐Restricted Feeding Reduces Appetite and Increases Fat Oxidation but Does Not Affect Energy Expenditure in Humans.

Exercise & Physical Activity

  • Cardiopulmonary Profile of Individuals with Intellectual Disability.
  • Comparison of Female Athlete Triad Coalition and RED-S Risk Assessment Tools.
  • Thermal Behavior Alleviates Thermal Discomfort During Steady-state Exercise Without Affecting Whole-body Heat Loss.
  • Meta-analysis: Behavior Change Techniques Associated with Changes in Postintervention and Maintained Changes in Self-Efficacy for Physical Activity.

Economics & Sociology

  • Excess Costs and Economic Burden of Obesity-Related Cancers in the United States.
  • The Association Between Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Different Strata of Socioeconomic Position: Evidence From Pooled Norwegian Health Surveys.

Epidemiology

  • Intentional Weight Loss and Obesity-related Cancer Risk.
  • Associations of Body Composition Trajectories with Bone Mineral Density, Muscle Function, Falls and Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project.
  • Meal‐Concurrent Media Use is Associated with Increased Dietary Intake with No Evidence of Next Meal Compensation in Free‐Living Adults.
  • Nutritional Assessment of Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus.
  • Obesity-induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: A Mini-Review on T-cells.
  • Changes in Age Distribution of Obesity-Associated Cancers.
  • Impact of Obesity on Life Expectancy Among Different European Countries: Secondary Analysis of Population-level Data Over the 1975–2012 Period.
  • Aluminium Levels in Hair and Urine are Associated with Overweight and Obesity in a Non-occupationally Exposed Population.
  • Prevalence and Predictors of Weight Loss Maintenance: A Retrospective Population‐based Survey of European Adults with Overweight and Obesity.
  • Meta-analysis: Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Adults Living in Cameroon.

Psychology & Neuroscience

  • Effects of Cognitive Strategies on Neural Food Cue Reactivity in Adults with Overweight/Obesity.
  • A Gravitational Contribution to Perceived Body Weight.
  • RCT: Evaluating a Novel Obesity Treatment Based on Internal and External Cues.
  • Vacation Frequency is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Symptoms.
  • RCT: Effects of Fruit and Vegetable Feeding Messages on Mothers and Fathers: Interactions Between Emotional State and Health Message Framing.

Equity and Disparities

  • Disparity in Access to Bariatric Surgery Among African-American Men.
  • Acceptability of a Text Message-based Intervention for Obesity Prevention in Infants From Hawai‘i and Puerto Rico WIC.
  • Targeting Pregnancy-related Weight Gain to Reduce Disparities in Obesity: Baseline Results From the Healthy Babies Trial. (pdf)
  • Wealth and Obesity Among U.S. Adults Entering Midlife.

Ethics

  • The Moralization of Obesity.
  • Parental Obligation and Medical Neglect in Childhood Obesity.
  • A Framework for Increasing Equity Impact in Obesity Prevention.

Stigma

  • Parental Perceptions of Obesity in School Children and Subsequent Action.
  • Attitudes to and Experiences with Body Weight Control and Changes in Body Weight in Relation to All-cause Mortality in the General Population.

Policy Related

  • RCT: Causal Language in Health Warning Labels and US Adults’ Perception.
  • Fact Sheet: FDA's Implementation of Menu Labeling Moving Forward.
  • Health Insurance for Diabetes Prevention Confers Health Benefits and Breaks Even on Cost Within 2 Years.
  • Fiscal Policies for Diet and the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases.

Intergenerational Effects

  • Ancestral Paternal Obesity: Systemic Versus Local Effects on Offspring Mammary Tissue Development and Tumorigenesis.
  • Transgenerational Effects of Maternal Obesity and Gestational Diabetes on Offspring Body Composition and Left Ventricle Mass: The Finnish Gestational Diabetes Prevention Study (RADIEL) 6‐year Follow‐up.
  • Impact of Carers’ Smoking Status on Childhood Obesity in the Growing Up in Ireland Cohort Study.
  • Maternal Overfeeding During Lactation, Rather than Overweight Per Se, Impairs the Metabolic Response to Fed/Fasting Changing Conditions in the Post‐Weaning Offspring.
  • Systematic Review: Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative: Summary of the Evidence Base for Pregnancy‐related Interventions to Prevent Overweight and Obesity in Children.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

  • Changing Nutrients, Changing Rivers.
  • Breeding Latitude and Annual Cycle Timing in a Songbird.
  • The Costs of Keeping Cool: Behavioural Trade-offs Between Foraging and Thermoregulation are Associated with Significant Mass Losses in an Arid-zone Bird.

Methods

  • Obesity Perception Survey Among Youth in Turkey: Instrument Development and Test-retest Reliability. (pdf)
  • Systematic Review: Effectiveness of Interventions Using Self-monitoring to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Adults.
  • Example of Triangulation: The Cancer Burden of Excessive Body Weight.

Commentary

  • Adult Weight Gain Likely Explains Link Between Parity, T2DM Risk.
  • Diet is a Noun.
  • Comprehensive Approaches to Improving Nutrition: Future Prospects.
  • What’s the Harm for Teens in Social Media?
  • Employers Connecting the Dots to Obesity Care.
  • Appetite for Improved Gut Health Leads to Innovation.
  • Body Composition: Made to Measure.
  • We Should Establish a National Institute of Nutrition.
  • The Keto Diet is Popular, but is It Good for You?
  • Money Talks and It Says Obesity Care Saves.
  • New Research Shows There's One and Only Way to Combat Obesity. Or Maybe Not. We Probably Need More Research.

General

  • Flavonoids and Cancer.
  • A Comparative Study of Litter Size and Sex Composition in a Large Dataset of Callitrichine Monkeys.
  • The Influence of Ecological and Life History Factors on Ectothermic Temperature–size Responses: Analysis of Three Lycaenidae Butterflies (Lepidoptera).
  • Good for Self or Good for Others? The Well-being Benefits of Kindness in Two Cultures Depend on How the Kindness is Framed.
  • A Bridge From Monty Hall to the Hot Hand: The Principle of Restricted Choice.
  • Adjusting Trial Results for Biases in Meta‐analysis: Combining Data‐based Evidence on Bias with Detailed Trial Assessment.
  • Life After Bootstrap: Residual Randomization Inference in Regression Models.
  • Food Environment Research Among an Indigenous Community in Namibia – a New Approach to Explore Food Security of Rural People in Developing Countries.
  • Preregistration is Hard, and Worthwhile.
  • Does the Day of the Week Predict a Cesarean Section? A Statewide Analysis.

Announcements

  • IU SPH Gun Violence Symposium Offers Public Health Approach to Growing Crisis.
  • 12th Annual Course on Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research: Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis October 21 - 25, 2019.
  • Workshop: Advancing Effective Obesity Communications - September 16, Attend in Person or Via Webcast.
  • Training Program: Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity Research.
  • Training Program: AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity. 
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