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03/08/19

Featured

  • The Leptin Sensitizer Celastrol Reduces Age-associated Obesity and Modulates Behavioral Rhythms.
  • Best (but Oft-forgotten) Practices: Missing Data Methods in Randomized Controlled Nutrition Trials.
  • The Need for Greater Rigor in Childhood Nutrition and Obesity Research.
  • RCT: "Among overweight or obese adults with subsyndromal depressive symptoms, multinutrient supplementation compared with placebo and food-related behavioral activation therapy compared with no therapy did not reduce episodes of major depressive disorder during 1 year."

Headline vs Study

  • Headline: Instagram Stars Could Make Kids Fatter. Healthier? Not So Much, Study Says.
  • Study: "Influencer marketing of unhealthy foods increased children’s immediate food intake, whereas the equivalent marketing of healthy foods had no effect." Effects on obesity not tested.

Contrary or Null Findings

  • No Significant Effect of Participation in Structured Programming to Prevent Unhealthy Weight Gain During the Summer in School-aged Children From Low-income Neighbourhoods on Weight Gain.
  • No Benefit with Early GDM Screening in Obese Women.
  • RCT: "Empirically treating hospitalized severely malnourished children during the stabilization phase with lactose-free, reduced-carbohydrate milk formula did not improve clinical outcomes."
  • RCT: No Effect of Fish Protein Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism in Older Nursing Home Residents.
  • RCT: "Intention-to-treat analysis showed that light therapy ...had no effect on insulin sensitivity..."
  • RCT: "…no significant time or group × time effect for fish oil versus placebo for liver fat, liver enzymes, anthropometry, or body composition including VAT (p > 0.05 for all), with similar finding for sub-analysis of participants with NAFLD."
  • RCT: No Significant Differences Between Treatment and Control Groups in Eight Week Trial of Aerobic Interval-Resistance Training Combined with Chamomile Consumption on Body Composition and Glucose Homeostasis in Overweight and Obese Women.
  • RCT: "Offering a multi-component physical activity intervention to 30-49 year-olds with low levels of VO2max had no effect on the change in VO2max from baseline to twelve months compared with routine care."

Basic

  • Obesity, Diabetes, and the Gut Microbiome: An Updated Review.
  • Protein-coding Variants Implicate Novel Genes Related to Lipid Homeostasis Contributing to Body-fat Distribution.
  • Deletion of Robo4 Prevents High Fat Diet Induced Adipose Artery and Systemic Metabolic Dysfunction.
  • The Antagonist Effect of Arachidonic Acid on GLUT4 Gene Expression By Nuclear Receptor Type II Regulation.
  • Beta 3 Adrenergic Receptor Activation Rescues Metabolic Dysfunction in Female Estrogen Receptor Alpha-Null Mice.
  • Parasitic Gut Infection in Libellula Pulchella Causes Functional and Molecular Resemblance of Dragonfly Flight Muscle to Skeletal Muscle of Obese Vertebrates.
  • Ablation of Adipocyte Creatine Transport Impairs Thermogenesis and Causes Diet-Induced Obesity.
  • Identification of a Natural Beige Adipose Depot in Mice.
  • Differential Effects of Diet and Weight on Taste Responses in Diet-induced Obese Mice.
  • Housing Temperature Modulates the Impact of Diet-Induced Rise in Fat Mass on Adipose Tissue Before and During Pregnancy in Rats.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

  • Research Supporting Chile's Anti-Obesity Regulations Doesn't Tell Us If the Regulations Work.
  • A.I. Gives Cheesecake and Brats an A+ in Nutrition?

Clinical

  • 'Just Because I'm Old It Doesn't Mean I Have to Be Fat': A Qualitative Study Exploring Older Adults' Views and Experiences of Weight Management.
  • Weight Loss and Weight Gain Among Participants in a Community-based Weight Loss Challenge.
  • Infographic. The Effects of Frequency, Intensity, Duration and Volume of Walking Interventions on CVD Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-regression Analysis of RCTs Among Inactive Healthy Adults.
  • RCT: Improved Menstrual Function in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome After Behavioural Modification Intervention.
  • "One year of a digitally supported [comprehensive continuous care intervention] significantly improved surrogates of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis in patients with T2D."
  • RCT: Effect of Integrated Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment and Problem-Solving Therapy on BMI and Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Obesity and Depression.

Children and Adolescents

  • Fat Mass Predicts Food-specific Inhibitory Control in Children.
  • Serum Interleukin 15 in Adolescent Girls with Obesity, Normal Weight, and Anorexia Nervosa.
  • Obesity Measured as Percent Body Fat, Relationship with BMI, and Percentile Curves for Mexican Pediatric Population.

Surgery

  • Change in Gastrointestinal Symptoms Over the First 5 Years After Bariatric Surgery in a Multicenter Cohort of Adolescents.
  • Contraceptive Use Among Adolescent Female Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Patients.

Drugs

  • Weight Loss Medications in the Treatment of Obesity and Hypertension.
  • RCT: Adjunctive Telmisartan Treatment on Body Metabolism in Clozapine or Olanzapine Treated Patients with Schizophrenia.
  • RCT: Effect of Liraglutide on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes.
  • RCT: Mineralocorticoid Antagonism Enhances Brown Adipose Tissue Function in Humans.

Food & Diet

  • Effect of 8-hour Time-restricted Feeding on Sleep Quality and Duration in Adults with Obesity.
  • The Effect of Canola Oil on Body Weight and Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs.
  • RCT: Effects of Cocoa-rich Chocolate on the Ventricle-arterial Coupling and Vascular Function of Young and Healthy Adults.
  • RCT: A Plant-Based Meal Stimulates Incretin and Insulin Secretion More than an Energy- and Macronutrient-Matched Standard Meal in Type 2 Diabetes.
  • RCT: Energy Drinks Induce Acute Cardiovascular and Metabolic Changes Pointing to Potential Risks for Young Adults.
  • A Systematic Review of the Association of Skipping Breakfast with Weight and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents. What Should We Better Investigate in the Future?
  • Fast-Food Offerings in the United States in 1986, 1991, and 2016 Show Large Increases in Food Variety, Portion Size, Dietary Energy, and Selected Micronutrients.
  • REVIEW: Dietary Fibers as Emerging Nutritional Factors Against Diabetes: Focus on the Involvement of Gut Microbiota.

Caloric Restriction

  • Anti-inflammatory Action of β-hydroxybutyrate Via Modulation of PGC-1α and FoxO1, Mimicking Calorie Restriction.
  • Maternal Age Alters Offspring Lifespan, Fitness, and Lifespan Extension Under Caloric Restriction.

Exercise & Physical Activity

  • Ground Reaction Forces in Ballet: Differences Resulting From Footwear and Jump Conditions.
  • RCT: "Effect of a multifactorial intervention on the increase in physical activity in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus."
  • Motor Competence, Perceived Physical Competence, Physical Fitness, and Physical Activity Within Finnish Children.
  • Effect of a Behavioral Intervention Strategy on Sustained Change in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Economics & Sociology

  • The Influence of Immigrant Generation on Obesity Among Asian Americans in California From 2013 to 2014.
  • Heterogeneity in the Effect of Mid-childhood Height and Weight Gain on Human Capital at Age 14-15 Years.
  • Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Feeding Practices in Finnish Preschools.

Epidemiology

  • Smoking and Obesity as Risk Factors in Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.
  • Impact of Maternal BMI and Gestational Weight Gain on Pregnancy Complications: An Individual Participant Data Meta‐analysis of European, North American and Australian Cohorts.
  • Reducing Waste in Nutritional Epidemiology: Review and Perspectives.
  • Serum Apolipoprotein B is Associated with Increased Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Among Middle‐aged and Elderly Chinese: A Cross‐sectional and Prospective Cohort Study.
  • "The risk of developing an obesity-related cancer seems to be increasing in a stepwise manner in successively younger birth cohorts in the USA."
  • Obesity and Bone Health Revisited: A Mendelian Randomization Study for Koreans.

Psychology & Neuroscience

  • Anxiety Increases Visual Attention to Hedonic Foods: A Preliminary Eye-tracking Study on the Impact of the Interplay Between Integral and Incidental Affect on Foods.
  • Overeating and Binge Eating Among Immigrants in the United States: New Terrain for the Healthy Immigrant Hypothesis.
  • Potential Moderators of the Portion Size Effect.
  • Longitudinal Associations Between Emotion Regulation and Adiposity in Late Adolescence: Indirect Effects Through Eating Behaviors.

Equity and Disparities

  • Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experience, Perceived Discrimination and BMI.
  • RCT: Effect of a Breakfast in the Classroom Initiative on Obesity in Urban School-aged Children.

Stigma

  • An Exploratory Study of the Public Dining Experience of Obese People.
  • The Effects of Parental and Peer Factors on Psychiatric Symptoms in Adolescents with Obesity.
  • Systematic Review: Weight Bias in Educational Setting.

Policy Related

  • The Effect of Randomly Providing Nutri-Score Information on Actual Purchases in Colombia.
  • Hunger or Deportation: Implications of the Trump Administration’s Proposed Public Charge Rule.
  • Two Year Follow-up of Schools in Randomised Trial to Assess the Sustainability of an Intervention to Improve the Implementation of a School-based Nutrition Policy.
  • Communicating Risk Regarding Food Consumption: The Case of Processed Meat.
  • Sodium and Potassium Dietary Reference Intake Values Updated in New Report; Introduces New Category for Sodium Based on Chronic Disease Risk Reduction.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

  • Predation Decreases Cohort Foraging Activity and Growth, Yet Increases Individual Size Variation in Prey.
  • Brown Adipose Tissue Plays Thermoregulatory Role Within the Thermoneutral Zone in Mongolian Gerbils (Meriones Unguiculatus).

Methods

  • RCT: Measurement of Health and Social Behaviors in Schoolchildren: Comparing Paper Versus Electronic Mode.
  • Comparison of Psychometric Properties Between Recall Methods of Interview-based Physical Activity Questionnaires: A Systematic Review.
  • Comparing Physical Activity Estimates in Children From Hip-worn Actigraph GT3X+ Accelerometers Using Raw and Counts Based Processing Methods.
  • Congruent Validity of Resting Energy Expenditure Predictive Equations in Young Adults.
  • Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Western Countries: Discrepancies in Published Estimates.

Commentary

  • Stop the Patient Blame Game: What Actually Causes Obesity?
  • Fat Cell Genes Punch the Clock to Carry Out Key Metabolic Functions.
  • Addressing Medicine’s Bias Against Patients Who are Overweight.
  • A National Institute of Nutrition: Of Science, Sense, and Sisyphus.
  • Myths, Presumptions, and Denying Access to Obesity Care.

General

  • Introducing ELife’s First Computationally Reproducible Article.
  • Social Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life: A Recreation Setting Analysis.
  • Too Much Academic Science is Bad Science.
  • Fighting Fake Science: Barriers and Solutions.
  • Scientific Integrity Principles and Best Practices: Recommendations From a Scientific Integrity Consortium.
  • Treatment Effects in Multicenter RCTs.
  • The Case for Being Skeptical of Moral Outrage.
  • Will Scientific Error Checkers Become as Ubiquitous as Spell-checkers?
  • The Real Cost of Knowledge.
  • Senators Tell FDA to Speed Up Approvals of Generic Insulin.
  • "This study found sex differences in the size of NIH funds awarded to comparable first-time female and male PIs, even at top research institutions."

Video & Audio

  • Audio: Sara Bleich on Menu Labeling, Marketing and Public Health.
  • Audio: Cheryl Queen on Corporate Responsibility and Power in the Food Industry.

Announcements

  • July at Cornell: 2019 WHO/Cochrane/Cornell Summer Institute for Systematic Reviews in Nutrition for Global Policy Making.
  • 7th Annual Weight Stigma Conference 27th – 28th June 2019, London, Ontario, Canada.
  • 6th Canadian Obesity Summit, April 23-26, 2019, the Westin, Ottawa, Ont.
  • From the Desk: Provost Robel Reflects on Campus Progress and Looks Forward.
  • 3 Hoosier Cities Land on '100 Best Places to Live' List.
  • Call for Papers: 7th Annual Obesity Journal Symposium.
  • Body Composition Measurements From Birth Through 5 Years: Challenges, Gaps, and Existing & Emerging Technologies; May 30-31, 2019.
  • NORC of UAB Seeks Postdoctoral Fellows in Obesity Research.
  • UAB Seeks Postdoctoral Fellows for Its AHA Strategically Focused Research Center– Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
  • IU School of Public Health Bloomington Continues Faculty Recruitment – Tenure-track Positions Available in Every Department: Multiple Listings Posted.
  • Short Courses on Obesity, Mathematics, and Causal Inference Recommence in Summer 2019!
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