Obesity and Energetics Offerings

Featured

• Smoking Cessation, Weight Gain, and Risk of Stroke Among Postmenopausal Women.
• RCT: Assessing the Effects of Health Claims on Choice of Foods in the Presence of Front-of-pack Labels.
• Folate and Vitamin B12 Levels in Early Pregnancy and Maternal Obesity.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: A Healthy Home with More Fruits and Vegetables and Less Time Watching TV Can Cut Children's Genetic Obesity Risks By HALF, Study Finds.
• Study: "[H]eritability of BMI SD score was significantly higher among children living in overall higher-risk ... compared with those living in overall lower-risk home environments." Gene-environment correlation, not necessarily gene-environment interaction.

Contrary or Null Findings

• "The health education and counseling program did not improve daily PA of participants with moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk."
• "Lower availability of healthy food stores measured subjectively, but not objectively, was associated with mortality...".
• "No overall intervention effects after 14 y due to the free-fruit scheme on the consumption of fruit, vegetables, and unhealthy snacks were observed, but...".
• "There was no association between increased maternal BMI and fetal adiposity measures, or mediation by treated gestational diabetes."
• Rapid 5 Lb Weight Gain is Not Associated with Readmission in Patients with Heart Failure.
• Resistin Levels are Not Associated with Obesity in Central Precocious Puberty.
• "...we did not find support for the relationship between healthy intention and hypothetical food choice."
• The Low WHRs and BMIs Judged Most Attractive do Not Indicate Higher Fertility.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Q&A: The “Regression to the Mean Project:” What Researchers Should Know About a Mistake Many Make.
• No, Eating Only Organic Food is Not Going to Save You From Cancer.
• Science vs Fervent Beliefs About Weight Cycling.
• Finding a Confession of Faith in a Dataset.

Basic

• Tart Cherry Reduces Inflammation in Adipose Tissue of Zucker Fatty Rats and Cultured 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.
• The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase MARCH1 Regulates Glucose Tolerance and Lipid Storage in a Sex-Specific Manner.
• Hypothalamic Macrophage Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Mediates Obesity-Associated Hypothalamic Inflammation.
• Coordinated Targeting of Cold and Nicotinic Receptors Synergistically Improves Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Clinical

• Long-Term Weight Gain Associated with High Omentin Levels at Hospital Discharge Improves Prognosis of Patients Following Acute Heart Failure.
• Common Complications and Management After Massive Weight Loss Patient Safety in Plastic Surgery.
• Moving Research Into Practice: Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Weight Management for Cancer Patients and Survivors.

Children and Adolescents

• Is Eating in the School Canteen Better to Fight Overweight? A Sociological Observational Study on Nutrition in Italian Children.
• Increased Cellular Aging By 3 Years of Age in Latino, Preschool Children Who Consume More Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: A Pilot Study.
• Impact of Motivational Interviewing on Outcomes of an Adolescent Obesity Treatment: Results From the MI Values Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Surgery

• Risk of Suicide and Self-harm is Increased After Bariatric Surgery—a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• Effects of Obesity and Gastric Bypass Surgery on Nutrient Sensors, Endocrine Cells, and Mucosal Innervation of the Mouse Colon.
• 4-Year Changes in Sex Hormones, Sexual Functioning, and Psychosocial Status in Women Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery.

Drugs

• The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Weight Loss: A Systematic Review and Dos-response Meta-analysis of RCTs.
• Inhibition of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Can Influence the Lipid Metabolism in Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity.
• Obesity Drug to Update Label with CV Safety Information.

Food & Diet

• RCT: Substitution of Corn Starch with Resistant Starch Type 4 in a Breakfast Bar Decreases Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Responses.
• RCT: A Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Dairy Foods Improves Markers of Cardiovascular Risk.
• Options for Keeping the Food System Within Environmental Limits.
• Do the Effects of Resveratrol on Thermogenic and Oxidative Capacities in IBAT and Skeletal Muscle Depend on Feeding Conditions?
• Effects of Dietary Interventions on DNA Methylation in Adult Humans: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
• Delayed First Active-phase Meal, a Breakfast-skipping Model, Led to Increased Body Weight and Shifted the Circadian Oscillation of the Hepatic Clock and Lipid Metabolism-related Genes in Rats Fed a High-fat Diet.

Caloric Restriction

• Weight Cycling Increases Longevity Compared with Sustained Obesity in Mice.
• Periodized Low Protein-high Carbohydrate Diet Confers Potent, but Transient, Metabolic Improvements.
• Effect of Restriction Vegan Diet's on Muscle Mass, Oxidative Status, and Myocytes Differentiation: A Pilot Study.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Aerobic Training Protects Cardiac Function During Advancing Age: A Meta-Analysis of Four Decades of Controlled Studies.
• Aerobic Fitness Thresholds to Define Poor Cardiometabolic Health in Children and Youth.
• ATP Production of Muscle Mitochondria After Acute Exercise in Lean and Obese Humans.

Economics & Sociology

• Trends in the Socioeconomic Patterning of Overweight/obesity in India.
• Socio‐economic Indicators, Dietary Patterns, and Physical Activity as Determinants of Maternal Obesity in Middle‐income Countries.
• A Comparison of Dietarian Identity Profiles Between Vegetarians and Vegans.
• You're Worth What You Eat: Adolescent Beliefs About Healthy Eating, Morality and Socioeconomic Status.
• Ego-centered Relative Neighborhood Deprivation and Reported Dietary Habits Among Youth.

Epidemiology

• BMI and Mortality in UK Biobank: Revised Estimates Using Mendelian Randomization.
• Adult Weight Change and the Risk of Pre- and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in the Chinese Wuxi Exposure and Breast Cancer Study.
• Viewpoint: Current and Future Landscape of Nutritional Epidemiologic Research.
• Association Between Dietary Flavonoids Intake and Obesity in a Cohort of Adults Living in the Mediterranean Area.
• Resistin Levels are Not Associated with Obesity in Central Precocious Puberty.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• You Mad? Using Anger Appeals to Promote Activism Intentions and Policy Support in the Context of Sugary Drink Marketing to Kids.
• Effectiveness of an App and Provider Counseling for Obesity Treatment in Primary Care.
• The Relationship Between Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Depression in Normal and Overweight Pregnant Women.

Equity and Disparities

• Racial and Ethnic Differences in Anthropometric Measures as Risk Factors for Diabetes.
• Early Exposure to Cumulative Social Risk and Trajectories of BMI in Childhood.

Ethics

• Size and Life and Death By Moral Machine Logic.
• The Shame of Fat Shaming in Public Health: Moving Past Racism to Embrace Indigenous Solutions.

Stigma

• Is There More to the Equation? Weight Bias and the Costs of Obesity.
• The Impact of Workplace Health Promotion Programs Emphasizing Individual Responsibility on Weight Stigma and Discrimination.

Policy Related

• Obesity, equity and choice.
• A Quasi-experimental Study of a Mandatory Calorie-labelling Policy in Restaurants: Impact on Use of Nutrition Information Among Youth and Young Adults in Canada.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Flexible foraging strategies in Pipistrellus pygmaeus in response to abundant but ephemeral prey.
• Bending the rules: exploitation of allochthonous resources by a top-predator modifies size-abundance scaling in stream food webs.

Intergenerational Effects

• Maternal Nutrition and the Child’s Sex: A Review. (pdf)
• Normalizing Adiponectin Levels in Obese Pregnant Mice Prevents Adverse Metabolic Outcomes in Offspring.
• Gestational Weight Gain Intervention Impacts Determinants of Healthy Eating and Exercise in Overweight/Obese Pregnant Women.

Methods

• Objective Quantification and Analysis of Eating Behaviour Associated with Obesity Development - From Lab to Real-life.
• Which Activities Count? Using Experimental Data to Understand Conceptualizations of Physical Activity.

The Role of the Gut Microbiome

• Gut Microbiota and Obesity.
• Insights Into the Role of Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Perspectives.
• Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Confers Beneficial Metabolic Effects of Diet and Exercise on Diet-induced Obese Mice.
• The Gut Microbiota in Infants of Obese Mothers Increases Inflammation and Susceptibility to NAFLD.
• The Gut Microbiome of Mexican Children Affected By Obesity.

Commentary

• Infant Gut Microbiome Predicts Obesity in Pre-Teens.
• Canagliflozin Ups Survival in Type 2 Diabetes with Macroalbuminuria.
• SEA HARE INK Increases Appetite.
• A Gut Instinct for Finding Childhood Obesity.
• Study Finds Yo-yo Dieting Increases Lifespan in Mice Compared to Staying Obese.
• Fact Check: Does Glutamine Build Muscle?
• Pets and Humans Learning New Health Tricks.
• The "Marrow of Zen" and a Beginner's Mind.

General

• A Healing Shot to the Gut.
• Nitrogen and Carbon Footprints of Dairy Farm Systems in China and New Zealand, as Influenced By Productivity, Feed Sources and Mitigations/.
• P-34 Seasonal Diet Variation of Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels (Ictidomys Tridecemlineatus) in Southwestern Michigan.
• On the Exact and Numerical Solutions to a Nonlinear Model Arising in Mathematical Biology.
• Quantifying the Regression to the Mean Effect in Poisson Processes.
• Older People are Worse than Young People at Telling Fact From Opinion.

Announcements

• Keystone Meeting: Diabetes: Innovations, Outcomes and Personalized Therapies (X3).
• Invitation to Survey: COST OF FORMATTING IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH.
• UAB Seeks Postdoctoral Fellows for Its AHA Strategically Focused Research Center – Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
• UAB’s NORC Seeks Postdoctoral Fellows in Obesity Research.
• IU Bloomington School of Public Health Initiates Major Wave of Faculty Recruitment – Tenure-track Positions Available in Every Department and Two Department Chairs Open: See Multiple Listings Posted Here.

Featured

• Weight Cycling Increases Longevity Compared with Sustained Obesity in Mice.
• Varying Effects of BMI and Mortality in Different Risk Groups.
• RCT: "…donkey milk-derived fortifiers improve feeding tolerance when compared with standard bovine-derived fortifiers, with a similar auxological outcome."
• Resistance Training Reduces Skeletal Muscle Work Efficiency in Weight‐Reduced and Non–Weight‐Reduced Subjects.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: MUMS to Blame for Childhood Obesity, Shock Study Claims.
• Study: Association Between Some Maternal Characteristics and Lifestyle Practices and Risk of Obesity in Offspring. Blame on Mums (Causation, Particularly Isolating Mothers as the Cause) Not Established.
• Headline: Study Says Working on Your 'Dad Bod' Before Fatherhood Can Help Your Future Kids' Health.
• Study: Paternal Exercise Improves Glucose Metabolism in Adult Offspring... In Mice. You, Your Kids, and Your Dad Bod Not Studied.

Contrary or Null Findings

• RCT: Regular Intake of a Usual Serving Size of Flavanol-Rich Cocoa Powder Does Not Affect Cardiometabolic Parameters in Stably Treated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension.
• "We found insufficient evidence to support a causal relationship between elective CS [Cesarean Section] and childhood obesity. An increased risk of obesity in children born by emergency CS, but not elective, suggests that there is no causal effect due to vaginal microflora."
• cRCT: “One year of free school fruit did not have an effect on weight status on the participants or birth weight of their offspring, 14 years after the intervention period."
• "The use of IV fish oil did not negatively affect weight gain in a cohort of preterm infants."
• RCT: "No significant difference emerged for change in school day MVPA between the groups from pre- to post- intervention (p=.52) or follow-up (p=.09)."
• RCT: No Significant Differences in Weight or BMI Change Among Obese Children and Adolescents Receiving Usual Care Group vs an Intensive Care Group that Followed a Moderate Hypocaloric Mediterranean Diet.
• RCT: "Fucoidan taken twice daily for a period of 90 days did not markedly affect insulin resistance or other measured parameters of cardiometabolic health in an obese, nondiabetic cohort."
• RCT: "In a sedentary work environment, treadmill workstations result in a statistically significant but smaller-than-expected increase in daily walking time."
• "Obesity did not confer an increased risk of ESRD in patients with moderate to advanced CKD."

Basic

• Exendin-4, a GLP-1 Analogue, Antagonizes the Metabolic Action of Acylated Ghrelinergic Signaling Within the Hypothalamic PVN in Adult Male Sprague Dawley Rats.
• ERβ Activation in Obesity Improves Whole Body Metabolism Via Adipose Tissue Function and Enhanced Mitochondria Biogenesis in Non-Ovariectomized Mice.
• Purinergic Receptor Y2 (P2Y2)- Dependent VCAM-1 Expression Promotes Immune Cell Infiltration in Metabolic Syndrome.
• Invalidation of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 (mPGES-1) Reduces Diet-Induced Low-Grade Inflammation and Adiposity.
• Sepsis Induces Adipose Tissue Browning in Nonobese Mice but Not in Obese Mice.
• Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) Exacerbates White Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Metabolic Dysregulation in High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity.
• The Physiologic and Phenotypic Significance of Variation in Human Amylase Gene Copy Number.
• Glucose Intolerance in Monosodium Glutamate Obesity is Linked to Hyperglucagonemia and Insulin Resistance in α Cells.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Letter Regarding: The Responsibility of Veterinarians to Address Companion Animal Obesity.
• Puffery and Promise for Intermittent Fasting.
• Scientific Misconduct and Medical Journals.
• Maternal Employment in Low- and Middle-income Countries is Associated with Improved Infant and Young Child Feeding.
• Comment on “Maternal Employment in Low- and Middle-income Countries is Associated with Improved Infant and Young Child Feeding”.

Clinical

• RCT: Effects of Short-term Cash and Food Incentives on Food Insecurity and Nutrition Among HIV-infected Adults in Tanzania.
• Cultural Adaptation of a Children's Weight Management Programme: The CHANGE Intervention Development and Feasibility Study.
• RCT: Trial to Reduce Obesity Among Appalachian Church Members: The Walk By Faith Study.
• Real-Time Patient–Provider Video Telemedicine Integrated with Clinical Care.
• An Internet-based Approach for Lifestyle Changes in Patients with NAFLD: Two-year Effects on Weight Loss and Surrogate Markers.
• Profound Perturbation of the Metabolome in Obesity is Associated with Health Risk.

Children and Adolescents

• The Persistent Signal From Television Viewing in Childhood on Overweight and Obesity Throughout the Life Course.
• Substance Use and Obesity Trajectories in African Americans Entering Adulthood.
• Childhood Obesity Research at the NIH: Efforts, Gaps, and Opportunities.
• Association of Youth Triponderal Mass Index vs BMI with Obesity-Related Outcomes in Adulthood.
• Psychological Factors and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors as Mediators of the Relationship Between Overweight/Obesity and Cognitive Function.
• Vitamin D Supplementation May Improve Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Children with Obesity.

Surgery

• Complete Resolution of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
• National Trends in the Use of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Among Pediatric Patients with Severe Obesity.
• RCT: Resistance Training and Protein Supplementation Increase Strength After Bariatric Surgery.

Drugs

• RCT: "High-Dose, Diazoxide-Mediated Insulin Suppression Boosts Weight Loss Induced by Lifestyle Intervention."
• Body Composition, Biochemical, Behavioral and Molecular Alterations in Overfed Rats After Chronic Exposure to SSRI.
• Unapproved Pharmaceutical Ingredients Included in Dietary Supplements Associated with US Food and Drug Administration Warnings.

Food & Diet

• Dietary Restriction of Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Decreases HDL ApoA-I Secretion.
• Unscrambling the Relations of Egg and Meat Consumption with Type 2 Diabetes Risk.
• Relationship Between Mediterranean Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Obesity.
• Ketogenic Diets Attenuate Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase Gene Expression in Multiple Sclerosis.
• Dietary Intervention Modifies DNA Methylation Age Assessed By the Epigenetic Clock.
• Anti-obesity and Hypolipidemic Effects of Garlic Oil and Onion Oil in Rats Fed a High-fat Diet.
• Association of Frequency of Organic Food Consumption with Cancer Risk: Findings From the NutriNet-Santé Prospective Cohort Study.

Caloric Restriction

• Fat Versus Carbohydrate-Based Energy-Restricted Diets for Weight Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
• 90th Anniversary Commentary: Caloric Restriction Effects on Aging.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• "Cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with long-term mortality with no observed upper limit of benefit."
• NPR Audio: A New Prescription For Depression: Join A Team And Get Sweaty.
• "The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that single-mode aerobic training does not promote the same skeletal muscle hypertrophy as resistance training."
• Associations of Friendship and Children’s Physical Activity During and Outside of School: A Social Network Study.

Economics & Sociology

• Gender empowerment, inequalities and the prevalence of adult female obesity: An empirical analysis using new data, 1990-2013.
• Neighborhood effects on body mass: Temporal and spatial dimensions.

Epidemiology

• Age-Adjusted Percentage of Adults Aged ≥20 Years Who Tried to Lose Weight During the Past 12 Months,* By Sex — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2008 to 2015–2016.
• Genome-wide Copy Number Variation Analysis Identifies Novel Candidate Loci Associated with Pediatric Obesity.
• The Prevalence of Obesity in Children and Young People with Down Syndrome.
• Relationship Between Visceral Obesity and Postoperative Inflammatory Response Following Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy.
• The Impact [association] of BMI on the Outcome of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Adults.
• Relationship Between Obesity and Lumbar Spine Degeneration: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010–2012.
• Associations of Cumulative Exposure to Heavy Metal Mixtures with Obesity and Its Comorbidities Among U.S. Adults in NHANES 2003–2014.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Volumetric Gray Matter Measures of Amygdala and Accumbens in Childhood Overweight/obesity.
• Episodic Future Thinking and Grocery Shopping Online.
• Smartphones are More Reinforcing than Food for Students.

Equity and Disparities

• From Sit-In to Drive-Thru: Black America in the Age of Fast Food.
• State Court Asked to ‘Weigh In’ on Whether Obesity Constitutes an Impairment Under Anti-Discrimination Law.
• Sociodemographic Disparities in the Consumption of Ultra-processed Food and Drink Products in Southern Brazil: A Population-based Study.
• Gut Microbiota and Body Weight in School‐Aged Children: The KOALA Birth Cohort Study.

Ethics

• Enacting Knowledge, Power, and Equity: Understanding the Public Appetite for Preventive Obesity Regulations.
• Childhood Obesity and Positive Obligations: A Child Rights-Based Approach.

Stigma

• Letter: Internet Memes and Apathy are Increasing Obesity Rates, Doctors Warn Lawmakers.
• Distribution and Disavowal: Managing the Parental Stigma of Children's Weight and Weight Loss.
• Weight Stigma is Discrimination - It's Time We Stop Blaming People with Obesity.

Policy Related

• The Healthy Communities Study Supplemental Issue: Eleven Articles on Examining Community Programs, Policies and Other Characteristics in Relation to Child Weight, Diet, and Physical Activity.
• Supplemental Issue Editorial: What the Healthy Communities Study is Telling Us About Childhood Obesity Prevention in U.S. Communities.
• Leveraging Restaurant Menus to Combat Obesity.

Intergenerational Effects

• RCT: Does Exercise During Pregnancy Impact on Maternal Weight Gain and Fetal Cardiac Function?
• Cold-induced Epigenetic Programming of the Sperm Enhances Brown Adipose Tissue Activity in the Offspring.
• Antecedents of Obesity Among Children Born Extremely Preterm.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Home Range Size, Vegetation Density, and Season Influences Prey Use By Coyotes (Canis Latrans).
• Maternal and Paternal Nutrition in a Mosquito Influences Offspring Life Histories but Not Infection with an Arbovirus.
• Diet and Ambient Temperature Interact to Shape Plasma Fatty Acid Composition, Basal Metabolic Rate, and Oxidative Stress in Great Tits.
• Food Dissemination in Ants: Robustness of the Trophallactic Network Against Resource Quality.
• Obesity Genes Evolved 450 Million Years Ago, Shark Study Reveals.

Methods

• The Athletes’ Relationships with Training Scale (ART): A Self-report Measure of Unhealthy Training Behaviors Associated with Eating Disorders.
• Validation of a Standardized MRI Method for Liver Fat and T2* Quantification.
• The Remote Food Photography Method and SmartIntake App for the Assessment of Alcohol Use in Young Adults: Feasibility Study and Comparison to Standard Assessment Methodology.

Commentary

• The Perfectly Natural Bias for a White Hat.
• Audio: YO-YO DIETING.
• Obesity is Getting Worse, Let’s Stay the Course.
• Understanding Obesity: The Glass is 64% Full.
• No! Your Fast Food Burger Isn't Contaminated with Antibiotics.
• Fasting Power: Can Going Without Food Really Make You Healthier?
• Margarine Once Contained a Whole Lot More Whale.
• Dangers and Long-Term Outcomes in Metabolically Healthy Obesity: The Impact of the Missing Fitness Component.

General

• Live Imaging of MRNA Transcription in Drosophila Embryos.
• Combining Multiple Imputation and Bootstrap in the Analysis of Cost‐effectiveness Trial Data.
• Hail the Lizard King. T. Rex's Puny Arms Were Useful After All.
• More Doctor Visits, More Money: Obese Soldiers May Be Too Expensive to Keep, Army Study Suggests.
• Pre-eclampsia Could Triple the Risk of Some Forms of Dementia.
• A Pledge for Better Health and Obesity Care.
• Unhealthy and Unprepared: National Security Depends on Promoting Healthy Lifestyles From an Early Age.

Announcements

• 2019 European Congress on Obesity.
• IU Recruiting Vice Chair of Clinical Affairs and Vice President of Behavioral Health Collaborative.
• UAB Seeks Postdoctoral Fellows for Its AHA Strategically Focused Research Center – Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.
• UAB’s NORC Seeks Postdoctoral Fellows in Obesity Research.
• IU Bloomington School of Public Health Initiates Major Wave of Faculty Recruitment – Tenure-track Positions Available in Every Department and Two Department Chairs Open: See Multiple Listings Posted Here.
• The Obesity Society: ObesityWeek Pre-Conference Early Career Academic Workshop, Nov. 12.

Featured

• Dietary R, S-1,3-butanediol Diacetoacetate Reduces Body Weight and Adiposity in Obese Mice Fed a High-fat Diet.
• An Integrated Adipose-tissue-on-chip Nanoplasmonic Biosensing Platform for Investigating Obesity-associated Inflammation.
• Obesity and Loneliness. Findings From a Longitudinal Population-based Study in the Second Half of Life in Germany.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Doctors Say Intermittent Fasting Could Prevent This Kind of Disease.
• Better Headline: After Intermittent Fasting, These 3 Men No Longer Take Insulin for Diabetes -- but Experts Stress Caution.
• Study: Case Study of 3 Men with Treatment that Included Fasting. Not About Prevention. Fasting Not Isolated. Diabetes Reversal Not Defined. Causation Not Established.
• Study communication critique: ‘Reverse’ Diabetes with Intermittent Fasting? What You Need to Know.

Contrary or Null Findings

• No Association Between Active Commuting to School, Adiposity, Fitness, and Cognition in Spanish Children: The MOVI-KIDS Study.
• No Consistent Evidence of a Disproportionately Low Resting Energy Expenditure in Long-term Successful Weight-loss Maintainers.
• Higher BMI is Not a Risk Factor for In-hospital Adverse Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty.
• Weight Loss but Not Gains in Cardiorespiratory Fitness After Exercise-training Predicts Improved Health Risk Factors in Metabolic Syndrome.
• "Contrary to expectations, this loss of central GLP-1 had no significant effect on ad libitum feeding of mice, affecting neither daily chow intake nor body weight or glucose tolerance."
• Serum Levels of Leptin and Adiponectin are Not Associated with Disease Activity or Treatment Response in Multiple Sclerosis.
• Hours Worked is Not Associated with Diet Quality Index, Frequency of Eating Out or Frequency of Takeaways.
• "Among participants in a weight loss maintenance trial, WBI [Weight Bias Internalization] did not change in relation to changes in weight."
• "Unlike previous studies, we found no difference in early complication rates between LRYGB [Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass] and LSG [laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy] in a comparable cohort when performed by a surgeon with sufficient experience in bariatric surgery."

Basic

• Effect of Low-Fat Diet in Obese Mice Lacking Toll-like Receptors.
• High Fat Diet Activates Adult Mouse Lung Stem Cells and Accelerates Several Aging-induced Effects.
• Mild Impairment of Mitochondrial OXPHOS Promotes Fatty Acid Utilization in POMC Neurons and Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Obesity.
• Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CEACAM1) in Liver Injury, Metabolic and Immune Regulation.
• The Krüppel-Like Factors and Control of Energy Homeostasis.
• Obesity-Activated Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Promote Breast Cancer Growth and Invasion.
• GSK126 Alleviates the Obesity Phenotype By Promoting the Differentiation of Thermogenic Beige Adipocytes in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Information Bias in Measures of Self-reported Physical Activity.
• Normalised Lean Weight and Drug Doses for Obese Patients.
• Review of Earlier Evidence on Dietary Glycemic Index and Load and Depression Needs Further Attention.

Clinical

• Interventions for Treating Children and Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity: An Overview of Cochrane Reviews.
• Blood Pressure Measurement in Severely Obese Patients: Validation of the Forearm Approach in Different Arm Positions.
• Patient Predictors of Weight Loss Following a Behavioral Weight Management Intervention Among US Veterans with Severe Obesity.
• Reach and Adoption of a Randomized Weight Loss Maintenance Trial in Rural African Americans of Faith.

Children and Adolescents

• Necessity for a Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity.
• Systematic Review: Frameworks Used in School-Based Interventions, the Impact on Hispanic Children's Obesity-Related Outcomes.
• Early Maternal Feeding Practices: Associations with Overweight Later in Childhood.
• Severe Obesity and Cardio-metabolic Comorbidities: A Nationwide Study of 2.8 Million Adolescents.
• Is Early Life Exposure to Polyomaviruses and Herpesviruses Associated with Obesity Indices and Metabolic Traits in Childhood?
• A Review of Systematic Reviews Targeting the Prevention and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adolescent Populations.
• Relationships Between Outdoor Time, Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and BMI in Children: A 12-Country Study.
• Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, and Bone Mass in Children and Adolescents.

Surgery

• RCT: Intraoperative Use of Methadone Improves Control of Postoperative Pain in Morbidly Obese Patients.
• Obesity Management in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Current Perspectives.
• Cytometric Analysis of Adipose Tissue Reveals Increments of Adipocyte Progenitor Cells After Weight Loss Induced By Bariatric Surgery.
• Comparative Effectiveness of Bariatric Procedures Among Adolescents: The PCORnet Bariatric Study.

Drugs

• Intranasal Leptin Relieves Sleep Disordered Breathing in Mice with Diet Induced Obesity.
• RCT: Effects of Exenatide Versus Insulin Glargine on Body Composition in Overweight and Obese T2DM Patients.

Food & Diet

• RCT: The Effects of Regular High-cocoa Chocolate Intake on Arterial Stiffness and Metabolic Characteristics During Exercise.
• What’s in Your Beet Juice? Nitrate and Nitrite Content of Beet Juice Products Marketed to Athletes.
• Examining Associations Between BMI in 18–25 Year-Olds and Energy Intake From Alcohol.
• The Complex Relationship Between Diet, Quality of Life and Life Expectancy: A Narrative Review of Potential Determinants Based on Data From Italy.
• Habitual Consumption of Soy Protein and Isoflavones and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults ≥ 40 Years Old.

Caloric Restriction

• Influence of Dietary Restriction on Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
• Overeating, Caloric Restriction and Mammographic Density in Spanish Women.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• "Lower Sedentary Time and Greater Physical Activity Levels Are Associated With Better Sleep Quality in Women With Fibromyalgia" in Cross-sectional Study.
• Do Medical Conditions Predispose to the Development of Chronic Back Pain? A Longitudinal Co-twin Control Study of Middle-aged Males with 11-year Follow-up.
• Twenty-Year Trajectories of Physical Activity Types From Midlife to Old Age.
• Aerobic Training Reduces Immune Cell Recruitment and Cytokine Levels in Adipose Tissue in Obese Mice.

Economics & Sociology

• The Impacts of Residential Segregation on Obesity.
• Neighbourhood Social Capital and Obesity: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Epidemiology

• Fatty Acid Biomarkers of Dairy Fat Consumption and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
• Life-course BMI and Biomarkers in Persons Aged 60 Years or Older: A Comparison of the USA and Costa Rica.
• Dietary Behaviors Mediate the Association Between Food Insecurity and Obesity Among Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Youth.
• Obesity and Pulmonary Hypertension.
• Trends in Obesity and Multimorbidity in Canada.
• Measuring Social Support for Healthy Eating and Physical Activity in Obesity.
• A Multi-state Model for Analysing Transitions Between BMI Categories During Childhood.
• The Fat Mass‐ and Obesity‐Associated (FTO) Gene to Obesity: Lessons From Mouse Models.
• Varying Effects of BMI and Mortality in Different Risk Groups.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Microglia Play an Active Role in Obesity-Associated Cognitive Decline.
• Deep Brain Stimulation of the Hypothalamus Leads to Increased Metabolic Rate in Refractory Obesity.
• Prediabetes is Associated with Structural Brain Abnormalities.

Equity and Disparities

• Food, State Power, and Rebellion: The Case of Maize. (pdf)
• Black Fathers Matter: The Role of Paternal Closeness on Adolescent Male Obesity.
• BMI Trajectories in Adulthood: The Intersection of Skin Color, Gender, and Age Among African Americans.

Stigma

• An Update on Research Examining the Implications of Stigma for Access to and Utilization of Bariatric Surgery.
• Weight Perception, Weight Stigma Concerns, and Overeating.
• Caregivers', Children's, and Clinicians' Perspectives and Experiences of Discussing Weight‐Related Topics in Healthcare Consultations.
• To Be Thin but Not Healthy - the Body-image Dilemma May Affect Health Among Female University Students in China.

Policy Related

• Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes: The Potential for Cardiovascular Health.
• Where Children Play Most: Physical Activity Levels of School Children Across Four Settings and Policy Implications.
• Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Relation to Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Among Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study From the 2012–2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
• Patterns and Correlates of Use of Evidence-based Interventions to Control Diabetes By Local Health Departments Across the USA.

Intergenerational Effects

• Neonatal Regulatory Behavior Problems are Predicted By Maternal Early Pregnancy Overweight and Obesity.
• Fatty Acid Composition and Eicosanoid Levels (LTE4 and PGE2) of Human Milk From Normal Weight and Overweight Mothers.
• Association Between Maternal Overweight or Obesity and Cerebral Palsy in Children: A Meta-analysis.
• Variation in the Heritability of Child BMI By Obesogenic Home Environment.
• Infant Temperament and Parent Use of Food to Soothe Predict Change in Weight-for-length Across Infancy: Early Risk Factors for Childhood Obesity.
• Associations of Gestational Glucose Tolerance with Offspring Body Composition and Estimated Insulin Resistance in Early Adolescence.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Allomaternal Care By Conspecifics Impacts Activity Budgets of Colobus Guereza Mothers.
• Climate-driven Declines in Arthropod Abundance Restructure a Rainforest Food Web.
• Energy Constraint as a Novel Mechanism Linking Exercise and Health.
• Fat Body Biology in the Last Decade.

Methods

• A Numerical Approach for the Assessment of Obesity-induced Vascular Changes in Children.
• Design and Psychometric Testing of Instruments to Measure Qualified Intensive Care Nurses' Attitudes Toward Obese Intensive Care Patients.
• Arallelized, Real-time, Metabolic-rate Measurements From Individual Drosophila.
• An Optical Nanoreporter of Endolysosomal Lipid Accumulation Reveals Enduring Effects of Diet on Hepatic Macrophages in Vivo.
• Impact of Anaesthesia on Circadian Rhythms and Implications for Laboratory Experiments.
• Modelling the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors Based on Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Regression. (pdf)

Commentary

• Weight Bias and Stigma Have Power to Unite and Divide.
• Does Obesity Cause Type 2 Diabetes? OR is It the Opposite? A Commentary.
• Gout Risk Factor Less About Diet, More About Genes.
• TRUTH About (truth and Lies About) FOOD.
• APS on Eating.
• The Science Behind Munchies: Cannabis and Your Appetite.
• America’s Fattest Bear Has Now Been Crowned.
• The Complicated Relation Between Resting Energy Expenditure and Maintenance of Lost Weight.
• When Will We Get Real About Bariatric Surgery?

General

• When the “Best Available Evidence” Doesn’t Win: How Doubts About Science and Scientists Threaten the Future of Evidence-Based Management.
• Cross-Contamination with Gluten By Using Kitchen Utensils: Fact or Fiction?
• Willingness-to-pay for Sustainable Beer.
• Sex Ratio Variations Among Years and Breeding Systems in a Facultatively Parthenogenetic Termite.
• Grounds for Ambiguity: Justifiable Bases for Engaging in Questionable Research Practices.
• Birth of Parthenogenetic Mice that Can Develop to Adulthood.
• Assessing Scientists for Hiring, Promotion, and Tenure.
• Did Vesuvius Victims' Brains Really Boil and Their Skulls Explode?
• Intranasal Leptin Relieves Sleep Disordered Breathing in Mice with Diet Induced Obesity.
• The Higgs Boson May Have Saved Our Universe From Cosmic Collapse. For Now.
• Letter From the (Sigma Xi) President: Defending the Scientific Process.
• No, LaCroix Isn’t Poisoning You Like You’re a Giant Cockroach.

Announcements

• SSIB Newsletter. (pdf)
• Program Manager Position Available in IU's School of Public Health.
• IU Bloomington School of Public Health Initiates Major Wave of Faculty Recruitment – Tenure-track positions available in every department and two department chairs open – see multiple listings posted here.
• UAB’s NORC Seeks Post-doctoral Fellows in Obesity Research.
• UAB Seeks Post-doctoral Fellows for Its AHA Strategically Focused Research Center – Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.

Featured

• Diabetes and Diet: Purchasing Behavior Change in Response to Health Information.
• Does Effectiveness of Weight Management Programs Depend on the Food Environment?
• The Translation of Age-related Body Composition Findings From Rodents to Humans.
• Longitudinal Analysis of Biomarker Data From a Personalized Nutrition Platform in Healthy Subjects.

Headline vs Study

• Headline: Community Efforts to Combat Childhood Obesity Can Be Effective, Study Finds.
• Study: The Prevalence of Community Programmes and Policies to Prevent Childhood Obesity in a Diverse Sample of US Communities. Associations, not necessarily causation. (updated) 

Contrary or Null Findings

• “Our Original Hypothesis Was that Diet Composition Would Affect Longevity; However…diet Composition Had No Impact on Survival” or Metabolic Factors in Mice.
• "After adjusting for covariates, origin-based discrimination was ...not associated with either the intercept or slope of BMI."
• No Significant Associations of BMI with Outcome Measures of the Patients with Penetrating Injuries.
• "Although other advantages might exist for breakfasts based on low-GI/low-GL foods, our findings support the hypothesis that minor differences in nutritional and perceived characteristics of breakfast are of limited importance regarding medium-term energy intake in healthy men."
• High-Sugar, High-Saturated-Fat Dietary Patterns are Not Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged Adults in a Prospective Study.
• High-dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids Have No Effect on Platelet Aggregation or Coagulation Measured with Static and Flow-based Aggregation Instruments and Sonoclot; An Observational Study in Healthy Volunteers.
• No Evidence for Multimodal Body Mass Distributions and Body Mass-related Capture Order in Wild-caught Damaraland Mole-rats.
• "...higher BMI, and particularly higher fat mass, at pre-school age predicted more food approaching and less food avoidant eating behaviors at the age of 10 years, rather than the hypothesized reverse direction."
• "While teacher training is hypothesized to contribute to the development of physical literacy among elementary school students, the observed effects in this study were either small or null."
• CDC Childhood Physical Activity Strategies Fail to Show Sustained Fitness Impact in Middle School Children.

Basic

• Effect of Food Predictability on Lifespan in Male Mice.
• Glucagon Receptor Signaling Regulates Energy Metabolism Via Hepatic Farnesoid X Receptor and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21.
• The DNA Repair Protein OGG1 Protects Against Obesity By Altering Mitochondrial Energetics in White Adipose Tissue.
• Metabolic Dynamics of Human Sertoli Cells are Differentially Modulated By Physiological and Pharmacological Concentrations of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1.
• Asthma Alleviates Obesity in Males Through Regulating Metabolism and Energy Expenditure.
• Decrease in αβ/γδ T-cell Ratio is Accompanied By a Reduction in High-Fat Diet–Induced Weight Gain, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation.
• Targeting Nuclear Receptor NR4A1-dependent Adipocyte Progenitor Quiescence Promotes Metabolic Adaptation to Obesity.
• Fluorescent Blood–brain Barrier Tracing Shows Intact Leptin Transport in Obese Mice.
• Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Obesity is Linked to a Specific DNA Methylation Signature in Adipose-derived Stem Cells.

Scientific Rigor & Scholarly Dialogue

• Influential Errors | the Diet Heart Tale.
• The Complicated Connection Between Supermarkets and Obesity.
• Newsweek Overlooks Key Limitation of Study on Vitamin D and Childhood Obesity.
• Comment on “The Plateau of Human Mortality: Demography of Longevity Pioneers”.

Clinical

• Body Contouring After Massive Weight Loss.
• Obesity and Endocrine Management of the Patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
• RCT: Dissemination of the Look AHEAD Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in the United States Military.
• Influence of Obesity on the Response to Influenza Infection and Vaccination.

Children and Adolescents

• Acceleration of BMI in Early Childhood and Risk of Sustained Obesity.
• Taq1a Polymorphism (rs1800497) is Associated with Obesity-related Outcomes and Dietary Intake in a Multi-ethnic Sample of Children.
• RCT: Type of Infant Formula Increases Early Weight Gain and Impacts Energy Balance.

Surgery

• Long-Term Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Weight Loss at 10 or More Years for All Bariatric Procedures.
• Weight Loss Surgery Utilization in Patients Aged 14–25 with Severe Obesity.

Drugs

• "...the results suggest that the use of methylphenidate in patients who have ADHD and obesity is relevant not only for controlling ADHD symptoms but also for improving the nutritional status of these individuals."
• Effects of Immediate or Delayed Estradiol on Behavior in Old Menopausal Macaques on Obesogenic Diet.
• More Options & Better Outcomes for Obesity Medicine?
• Efficacy and Safety of LY3298176, a Novel Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Food & Diet

• Urinary Tract Infection: Should Cranberry and Probiotics Be Considered?
• RCT: Potential Metabolic Effect of Sucralose Following an Oral Glucose Load in Subjects with Obesity and Normal-weight Subjects.
• Consumption of Mediterranean Versus Western Diet Leads to Distinct Mammary Gland Microbiome Populations.
• "The Taxonomic Composition of the Gut Microbiome Associates With Patient Ethnicity and Geographic Location"
• Combating Excessive Eating: A Role for Four Evidence‐Based Remedies.

Caloric Restriction

• Effects of Acute Exercise Combined with Calorie Restriction Initiated Late-in-Life on Insulin Signaling, Lipids and Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle From Old Rats.
• Calorie Restriction Prevents Diet-induced Insulin Resistance Independently of PGC-1-driven Mitochondrial Biogenesis in White Adipose Tissue.
• Caloric Restriction Promotes Functional Changes Involving Short-chain Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in the Rat Gut Microbiota.

Exercise & Physical Activity

• Community-based Physical Activity Programs, What are the Health Benefits for Older Adults?
• Systematic Review Of Physical Activity Questionnaires For Young People Finds None With "Conclusive Evidence For Both Acceptable Validity And Reliability"
• Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Older Adults with and Without Diabetes.
• RCT: Investigating the Holistic Benefits of Father–daughter Co-physical Activity with Mediation Analyses.
• Structural and Functional Body Components in Athletic Health and Performance Phenotypes.

Economics & Sociology

• Education Can Reduce Health Differences Related to Genetic Risk of Obesity.
• Adverse Childhood Experiences and Weight Status Among Adolescents.
• Shirts or Skins?: Tattoos as Costly Honest Signals of Fitness and Affiliation Among US Intercollegiate Athletes and Other Undergraduates.
• Early Life Disadvantage and Adult Adiposity: Tests of Sensitive Periods During Childhood and Behavioural Mediation in Adulthood.

Epidemiology

• Is Recovery From Ankle Sprains Negatively Affected By Obesity?
• Life Course Effects of Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome and 10-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Study in Taiwan Adults.
• Sources and Pattern of Protein Intake and Risk of Overweight or Obesity in Young UK Twins.
• Obesity and Metabolic Features Associated with Long-term Developing Diastolic Dysfunction in an Initially Healthy Population-based Cohort.
• Preliminary Analysis to Investigate Accuracy of Data Mining for Childhood Obesity and Overweight Predictions.
• Association of BMI and Age with Incident Diabetes in Chinese Adults.
• Association of Clinical and Social Factors with Excess Hypertension Risk in Black Compared with White US Adults.

Psychology & Neuroscience

• Social Influence Shifts Valuation of Appetitive Cues in Early Adolescence and Adulthood.
• Why some obese people become depressed whilst others do not: exploring links between cognitive reactivity, depression and obesity.

Equity and Disparities

• Recent Trends in the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and the Association with Abdominal Obesity Lead to Growing Health Disparities in the USA: An Analysis of the NHANES Surveys From 1999 to 2014.
• Trends in Racial/Ethnic and Nativity Disparities in Cardiovascular Health Among Adults Without Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in the United States, 1988 to 2014.
• Early Life Disadvantage and Adult Adiposity: Tests of Sensitive Periods During Childhood and Behavioural Mediation in Adulthood.
• "…among both blacks and whites, the distance-weighted poverty rate of extralocal neighborhoods is significantly and inversely related to BMI, suggesting that relative affluence in nearby neighborhoods engenders relative deprivation among residents of the focal neighborhood, leading to increased BMI."
• Blood Sugar: Racial Pharmacology and Food Justice in Black America.
• It Weigh(t)s on You: Everyday Discrimination and Adiposity Among Latinos.

Stigma

• Mismatch in Children’s Weight Assessment, Ideal Body Image, and Rapidly Increased Obesity Prevalence in China.
• An Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Through Creation of Body-Size Inclusive Spaces. (pdf)

Policy Related

• Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Child Health: Implications for Policy.
• Expected Changes in Obesity After Reformulation to Reduce Added Sugars in Beverages: A Modeling Study.
• Associations Between BMI and Urban “Green” Streetscape in Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Intergenerational Effects

• Genome-wide Profiling of Histone H3K27 Acetylation Featured Fatty Acid Signalling in Pancreatic Beta Cells in Diet-induced Obesity in Mice.
• Transgenerational effects of egg nutrients on the early development of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) across a thermal gradient.

Ecology, Evolution, & Energetics

• Energy (Im-)Balance in Frugivorous Lemurs in Southern Madagascar: A Preliminary Study in Lemur Catta and Eulemur Rufifrons × Collaris.
• The Mechanism Enabling Hibernation in Mammals.
• Body Condition and Adrenal Glucocorticoid Activity Affects Metabolic Marker and Lipid Profiles in Captive Female Elephants in Thailand.
• Genetic Variants in SGLT1, Glucose Tolerance, and Cardiometabolic Risk.

Methods

• Association Between Residential Self-selection and Non-residential Built Environment Exposures.
• The Glucose Control Resistance Scale (GCRS). (pdf)
• Tutorial for Using SliceOmatic to Calculate Thigh Area and Composition From Computed Tomography Images From Older Adults.
• Introductory Overview of Statistical Analysis of Microbiome Data.

Mathematical and Quantitative

• Type 2 Diabetes: When Does It Start...for Japanese (mostly) Men?

Commentary

• How Health Nonsense Prevails- and What We Can do About It.
• Registering a Grievance About Grievance Studies.
• Which Matters Most: Calories, Carbs, or Consumption Patterns?
• Determinants of Risk for Childhood Obesity.
• "Sloppy science bears substantial blame for Americans' bad eating habits."

General

• Effects of TDCS-like Electrical Stimulation on Retinal Ganglion Cells.
• Mamu -B*17+ Rhesus Macaques Vaccinated with Env, Vif, and Nef Manifest Early 2 Control of SIVmac239 Replication. (pdf)
• Males Increase Their Fitness By Choosing Large Females in the Common Bedbug Cimex Lectularius.
• How Researchers Can Find Different Results Using the Same Data.
• Post-hoc Power Using Observed Estimate of Effect Size is Too Noisy to Be Useful. (pdf)
• Aging as a Biological Target for Prevention and Therapy.
• Sleep Deprivation and Obesity in Adults: A Brief Narrative Review.
• Researcher Requests for Inappropriate Analysis and Reporting: A U.S. Survey of Consulting Biostatisticians.
• “Daniel Lambert, a Protagonist of Real Life with Monstrous Obesity in Eighteenth Century in England.”

Announcements

• IUPUI Biologist Will Use a $1.75 Million National Institutes of Health Grant to Look Into the Link Between Obesity and Brain Cell Components Called Cilia.
• “…Birmingham’s Discovery BioMed Inc. And Philadelphia Based Monell Chemical Senses Center …[partner] to Advance Human Health By Improving the Taste and Acceptability of Nutritious Plant-based Foods and Increasing Patient Willingness to Take Life-saving Oral Medicines.”.
• IU Bloomington School of Public Health Initiates Major Wave of Faculty Recruitment – Tenure-track positions available in every department and two department chairs open – see multiple listings posted here.
• UAB’s NORC Seeks Post-doctoral Fellows in Obesity Research.
• UAB Seeks Post-doctoral Fellows for Its AHA Strategically Focused Research Center – Obesity Network: Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity.